Na'urar ƙidayar 401(k) kyauta. Kiyasta ragowar asusun ritayarka daga albashi, kashi na gudummawa, daidaiton ma'aikaci, da riba na shekara da ake tsammani, tare da jadawalin ƙaruwa na shekara-shekara.
Na'urar ƙidayar 401(k) tana kiyasta yadda asusun ritayarka ke ƙaruwa ta hanyar ƙara gudummawarka ta shekara-shekara (kashi na albashi, wanda aka iyakance a matakin da IRS ta tsara na shekara-shekara) tare da gudummawar daidaiton ma'aikacinka a kowace shekara, sannan a haɗa jimillar ragowar a ribar shekara da ake tsammani, shekara bayan shekara har zuwa ritaya.
1.109.444,38 €
Ragowar da ake tsammani a ritaya
An sabunta na ƙarshe:
Na'urar Ƙidayar 401(k)
Ragowar 401(k) tana ƙaruwa daga tushe uku kowace shekara: gudummawarka (kashi na albashi da ka zaɓa, wanda ake cirewa daga kowace albashi), gudummawar daidaiton ma'aikacinka (idan shirinka yana bayar da hakan), da riba na jari akan jimillar ragowar. Wannan na'urar ƙidaya tana kiyasta dukkan uku, shekara bayan shekara, daga yau har zuwa shekarun ritayarka na manufa.
Daidaiton ma'aikaci shine bangaren da mutane suka fi rashin amfani da shi sosai. Idan shirinka yana bayar da, misali, daidaiton 50% har zuwa 6% na albashi kuma kana bayar da gudummawar 3% kawai, kana barin kashi 1.5% na albashinka a kudaden daidaitawa a teburi a kowace albashi — kudin da ma'aikacinka zai ƙara zuwa asusunka kyauta a maimakon.
Dabarar Daidaitawa
Ana yawan bayyana daidaiton ma'aikaci a tsari na "daidaiton X% har zuwa Y% na albashi." "Daidaiton 50% har zuwa 6%" yana nufin ma'aikacinka yana bayarwa cents 50 ga kowace dala da ka bayar, amma kawai akan kashi 6% na farko na albashinka da ka bayar — bayar da gudummawar kashi 6% na albashi yana haifar da daidaiton ma'aikaci na 3%, don jimillar 9% ke shiga asusun. Bayar da gudummawar 10% har yanzu yana samun daidaiton 3% kawai (tunda daidaitawar tana iyakance ga 6% na albashin da aka bayar), don haka ƙarin 4% cikakken kai-tanadi ne.
Wasu ma'aikata suna amfani da daidaiton dala-da-dala (100%) a maimakon, ko dabara mai matakai (misali, 100% akan kashi 3% na farko, sannan 50% akan ƙarin kashi 2%). Wannan na'urar ƙidaya tana amfani da tsari mai sauƙi na ƙimar-guda-har-zuwa-iyaka, wanda ke rufe tsarin shirin da ya fi kowa yawa.
Haɗuwa Cikin Lokaci
Saboda ƙaruwar 401(k) tana haɗuwa — ana lissafta ribar jari na kowace shekara akan cikakkiyar ragowar, haɗe da ƙaruwar shekarun da suka gabata — kudin da aka bayar da wuri yana da fiye da lokaci don haɗuwa fiye da kudin da aka bayar daga baya. Dala da aka bayar a shekaru 25 tana da kusan shekaru 40 don girma kafin shekarun ritaya na yau da kullun; dala iri ɗaya da aka bayar a shekaru 45 tana da kimanin shekaru 20 kawai.
Wannan shine dalilin da ya sa gudummawar wata-wata iri ɗaya ke samar da ƙarshen ragowa mai girma sosai idan ta fara da wuri, ko da ba tare da ƙara kashin gudummawa ba. Jadawalin shekara-bi-shekara na wannan na'urar ƙidaya yana bayyana wannan haɗuwar — ƙaruwar ragowar tana hanzarta a fili a shekarun karshe, ko da yake kashin gudummawa da daidaitawa suna zama iri ɗaya.
Iyakoki
Wannan kiyasin yana ɗauka riba na shekara-shekara tabbatacce, wanda ainihin kasuwannin jari ba sa taɓa bayarwa a zahiri — riba tana bambanta sosai shekara zuwa shekara, wani lokaci mara kyau, ko da matsakaicin dogon lokaci suna da kyau. Yana kuma ɗauka cewa kashin gudummawarka, ƙimar ƙaruwar albashi, da dabarar daidaiton ma'aikaci suna zama tabbatacce a tsawon aikinka gaba ɗaya, wanda babu wanda aka tabbatar.
Ba ya lissafta kudaden jari, waɗanda za su iya rage ƙaruwar dogon lokaci sosai, jadawalin vesting akan gudummawar ma'aikaci (wasu ma'aikata suna bukatar shekaru kaɗan na aiki kafin kudaden daidaitawa su cikakke zama naka), ko rabon kudi da ake bukata bayan ritaya. Yi amfani da wannan a matsayin kayan aiki na tsara alkibla, ba tabbataccen hasashe ba.
Amfani na Aiki
Yanke shawara kan kashin gudummawarka
Kwatanta ragowar da ake kiyasi a matakan gudummawa daban-daban domin nemo wanda ya dace da kasafinka da manufofinka.
Fahimtar kudin bayar da gudummawa ƙasa da matakin da ake bukata
Ganin ainihin nawa daidaiton ma'aikaci kake barin ba a nema a matakin gudummawarka na yanzu.
Nazarin shirin 401(k) na sabon aiki
Kwatanta tayoyin aiki guda biyu masu dabarun daidaiton ma'aikaci daban-daban domin ganin tasirin dogon lokaci.
Duba ci gaba zuwa ragowar manufa
Kiyasta ko matakin tanadinka na yanzu zai kai matsayin ragowar manufa yayin ritaya a zahiri.
Tsara game da ƙarin albashi
Ganin yadda ƙara kashin gudummawarka bayan ƙarin albashi ke canza ragowar ritayarka da ake kiyasi.
Dabara ta yau da kullun ita ce "daidaiton 50% har zuwa 6% na albashi" — ma'ana idan ka bayar da gudummawar kashi 6% na albashinka, ma'aikacinka zai ƙara wani kashi 3% (rabin abin da ka bayar), don jimillar kashi 9% ke shiga asusunka. Bayar da gudummawa ƙasa da matakin daidaitawa yana barin kudi kyauta a teburi; bayar da fiye da hakan ba ya samun ƙarin daidaitawa akan wuce gona da iri.
Domin 2026, iyakar jinkirin zaɓi na IRS ita ce $24,500 ga ma'aikata ƙasa da shekaru 50 (wannan na'urar ƙidaya tana amfani da wannan iyakar). Ma'aikata masu shekaru 50 ko fiye za su iya bayar da ƙarin adadin "catch-up" bisa iyakar yau da kullun — duba lambobin IRS na yanzu, saboda ana daidaita waɗannan iyakoki kowace shekara bisa hauhawar farashi.
Bayar da gudummawa aƙalla har zuwa matakin daidaiton ma'aikacinka ana ɗauka a matsayin shawarar tushe, saboda daidaitawar tana da tasirin kudi kyauta da ake ƙarawa kai tsaye zuwa tanadin ritayarka. Bayan matakin daidaitawar, ko za a bayar da ƙari ya dogara ne akan wasu manufofinka na kudi kamar bashi mai babban ruwa ko asusun gaggawa.
Wannan na'urar ƙidaya tana ɗauka kashi na gudummawa tabbatacce, dabarar daidaiton ma'aikaci, da riba na shekara-shekara a kowace shekara, wanda ya zama sauƙaƙawa — ainihin kasuwanni ba sa bayar da riba iri ɗaya kowace shekara, kuma albashinka, kashin gudummawarka, ko dabarar daidaiton ma'aikacinka duk na iya canzawa a tsawon aikinka. Ka ɗauki sakamakon a matsayin kiyasi mai zurfin lokaci, ba tabbaci ba.
Wannan na'urar ƙidaya tana kiyasi gaba daga albashinka da kashin gudummawarka zuwa ƙarshen ragowa. [[link:/retirement-calculator|Na'urar ƙidayar ritaya]] tamu tana aiki baya daga manufar kudin shiga na ritaya zuwa girman tanadin da za ka bukata, wanda shine tambaya ta tsara daban (kuma mai cikawa).