Xisaabi soo celintaada SIP oo leh tallaabo-kordhin, waddo-hal, xisaab dib-u-celinta ku-salaysan bartilmaameedka, hagaajinta bu'da, iyo barbardhiga xaaladaha. Lacag badan: EUR, USD, GBP, INR.
Markii ugu dambeysay ee la cusboonaysiiyay:
Xisaabiyaha SIP
Qorshaha Maalgashiga Nidaamsan (SIP) waa hab nidaamsan oo aad ku maalgashineysid xaddi go'an muddooyinka joogta ah β caadi ahaan bishii β sanduuq wadaag ah ama portfolio maalgashiga ah. SIP wuxuu tirtiraa baahida in la waqtiyo suuqa wuxuuna adeegsadaa awoodda dulsaaraha xididdada iyada oo loo marayo celcelinta kharashka euro/doolar.
SIP β¬500/bishii oo 12% muddo 10 sano ah wuxuu u beddelayaa β¬60,000 oo tabaruc ah ~β¬116,000 β ku dhawaad laba jibbaar. Xadka 30-sano oo 10%, xadiga isku mid ah ee bishiiba wuxuu ka dhaafayaa β¬1,100,000.
SIP Kordhineed iyo Bartilmaameedka
SIP Tallaabo-kordhineed si otomaatig ah ayuu u kordhiyaa tabarucaaga bishiiba boqolley go'an sannad kasta. Kordhinta SIP β¬500/bishii 10% sannadlaha ah waxay u dhawaadaa laba jibbaarka corpus-ka ugu dambeeya marka la barbardhigo SIP-ka heerka ah muddo 15 sano ah β oo ka tarjumaya koritaanka mushaharka caadiga ah.
SIP Bartilmaameedka wuxuu u jawaabaa: “Intee le'eg ayaan u baahan yahay inaan maalinba maalgasho si aan ugu gaadho β¬X Y sano gudaheed?” Tusaalooyin: corpus taranka ee β¬1,000,000 ah 25 sano oo 10% wuxuu u baahan yahay β¬1,168/bishii; lacag hordhac guri β¬50,000 ah 5 sano oo 8% wuxuu u baahan yahay β¬679/bishii.
Saamiga Kharashka iyo XIRR
Sanduuq kasta wuxuu ku dalacayaa saamiga kharashka ee sannadlaha ah oo laga jaro NAV ka hor inta aadan arkin soo celinta. Index ETF-yadu waxay dalacayaan 0.1β0.2%; Sanduuqyada si firfircoon loo maamulo 1.5β2.5%. Saamiga kharashka oo 1.5% ka sareya SIP β¬500/bishii muddo 30 sano ah waxay yareysa portfolio-gaaga ~β¬60,000ββ¬80,000. Had iyo jeer geli xisaabiyaha soo celinta ka-dib-kharashyada.
XIRR β ma aha CAGR β wuxuu bixiyaa soo celinta runta ah ee sannadlaha ah ee tabarucyada kala-duwanaanshaha ah. Sanduuq muujinaya 11% koritaan nominal ah wuxuu yeelaan karaa XIRR 11β12% marka waqtiga socdaalkiisa lacagta lagu xisaabiyo. Had iyo jeer barbardhig sanduuqyada isticmaalaya XIRR.
Bu'da iyo Canshuurta
Haddii SIP-kaagu ku koro 12% laakiin bu'du dhacdo 6%, soo celintaada runta ah waxay ku dhawaanaysaa 6%. Samee “Hagaaji Bu'da” si aad u aragto awoodda iibsashada runta ah ee tabarucaada mustaqbalka lacagta maanta ah.
Bulgaria, faa'iidada ra'isalmaalnimada ee hantida leeyihiin waxaa lagu canshuuraa heer joogto ah oo ah 10%. Xisaabiyahan wuxuu muujiyaa soo celinta guud-ka-hor-canshuurta. Ujeedooyinka mudada gaaban, eeg keydintayada xisaabiyaha bartilmaameedka kaydinta iyo xisaabiyaha dulsaaraha xididdada.
Mabaadi'da Muhiimka ah
Horey u bilow
Maalgeliyaha ka bilaabmaya 25 wuxuu urursadaa 3 Γ in ka badan hal laga bilaabo 35, xitaa wadarta wadarta lacagta la maalgashaday.
Joogteyso
Maqnaanshaha xitaa dhowr bilood ayaa si weyn u saameeya isku-dhafka muddada-dheer. Si toos ah u samee SIP-gaaga
Daawo saamiga kharashka
Farqiga 1% ee khidmadaha sannadlaha ah wuxuu la mid yahay tobanaan kun oo Yuuro in ka yar 20-30 sano.
Dib-u-maalgelinta saami-qaybsiga
Dib-u-maalgelinta qaybsiga waxay kordhisaa saamaynta isku-darka ah - waligaa ha ka bixin saami qaybsiga inta lagu jiro ururinta.
Kordhinta dakhliga
Mushahar kasta oo kordho, u kordhi tabarucaada SIP saami ahaan. Xitaa β¬50/bishii wax ka badan ayaa aad muhiim u ah.
Kala-duwan
Ku faafi maalgelinta dhammaan sinnaanta, curaarta, iyo hantida ma-guurtada ah. Muddada dheer, sinnaanta ayaa ka sarreeya fasallada hantida intooda badan.
Xisaabiyaha SIP wuxuu qiyaasaa qiimaha mustaqbalka ee maalgashiyaha bishiiba ee nidaamsan iyada oo la isticmaalayo dulsaaraha xididdada. Geli xadiga bishiiba, soo celinta sannadlaha ah ee la filaayo, iyo muddada wakhtiga β xisaabiyuhu wuxuu muujiyaa guud ahaan la maalgashiyey, soo celinta la filaayo, iyo qiimaha xafiladda ugu dambeysa. Waxaa sidoo kale taageeraya tabarucyada tallaabo-kordhineed, kuwa waddo-hal, hagaajinta bu'da, iyo xisaabta dib-u-celinta ku salaysan bartilmaameedka.
SIP tallaabo-kordhineedku wuxuu kordhiyaa tabarucaada bishiiba boqolley go'an sannad kasta, oo mirreysan koboca mushaharka. Tusaale ahaan, bilowga β¬500/bil oo leh 10% tallaabo-kordhin sannadlaha ah waxay la macnaheedu tahay inaad maalgashiso β¬550 sanadda 2, β¬605 sanadda 3, iwm. 15 sano gudahood tani waxay ku dhawaad laba laaban kartaa aasaaskaaga ugu dambeeya marka loo eego β¬500/bil SIP ah oo heer soo celin isku mid ah.
SIP wuxuu maalgashadaa xad go'an bishiiba, otomaatig ahaan wuxuu iibiyaa unugyo badan marka qiimeyaashu hoos u dhacaan iyo yar marka ay saraan β istaraatijiyad loo yaqaan kharashka miisaanka dollar/euro oo yareeya saamaynta kacaanka suuqa. Waddo-hal wuxuu maalgashadaa dhammaan maalgashiga mar hal ah, taas oo ka faa'iido badan xaaladaha suuqyada kor u kacdaan si joogto ah laakiin waa khatarsan haddii qiimeyaashu hoos u dhacaan berrito ka dib maalgashiga. Isticmaal Habka Barbardhiga ee xisaabiyahan si aad labada u qiyaasato gees-ka-gees.
Bu'du waxay muujisaa xoogga iibsashada waqti ka dib. Xafilad qiimeheedu yahay β¬1,000,000 25 sano waxay noqon kartaa oo keliya β¬480,000 lacagta maanta ah 3% bu'da. Fur badhanka hagaajinta bu'da si aad u aragto qiimaha dhabta ah (bu'da hagaajiyey) ee tabarucaada mustaqbalka. Qorsheyniinta saxda ah, mar walba barbardhig soo celintaada la filaayo marka loo eego xiddiga bu'da β haddii SIP-kaagu kasbo 10% iyo bu'du tahay 4%, soo celintaada dhabta ah waa ku dhawaad 6%.
XIRR (Heerka Soo Celinta Gudaha ee Balaadhan) waa cabbirka saxda ah ee waxqabadka SIP-ka sababtoo ah wuxuu xisaabtaa wakhtiga qulqulka lacagaha bishiiba kasta β qolofaadkaaga ugu horeeyaa wuxuu kasba soo celin muddo oo dhan, kii ugu dambeeya kaliya wuu bilaabaa. CAGR wuxuu u qaadaa maalgashi hal ah oo dheeraynaya soo celinta SIP-ka. Sanduuq muujinaya koboc tirakoob 14% wuxuu yeelan karaa XIRR 11β12%. Mar walba barbardhig sanduuqyada maalgashiga iyada oo la isticmaalayo XIRR, maha lambarada soo celinta cinwaanka ah.
Sanduuq maalgashi kasta wuxuu goosanayaa saamiga kharashyada sannadlaha ah NAV-kiisa ka hor inta aanad xisaabin soo celintaada. ETF-yada tilmaamaha caadi ahaan waxay kharash bixiyaan 0.1β0.2%, halka sanduuqyada firfircoon ay kharash bixiyaan 1.5β2.5%. Farqi 1.5% ah ee saamiga kharashyada ee β¬500/bil SIP-ka 30 sano gudahood waxay yarayn kartaa xafiladda ugu dambeysa β¬60,000ββ¬80,000. Mar walba geli soo celinta ka dib kharashyada ee la filaayo xisaabiyahan β haddii sanduuqaagu bartilmaameedeeyo 12% guud laakiin kharash bixiyo 1.5%, geli 10.5%.
Geli xadiga bartilmaameedkaaga (tusaale, β¬500,000 hawl-joogga), xiddiga soo celinta sannadlaha ah ee la filaayo, iyo muddada maalgashiga sanado. Xisaabiyuhu wuxuu isticmaalaa qaacidada PMT β PMT = FV Γ r / ((1+r)^n β 1) β si loo helo SIP bishiiba ee saxda ah loo baahan yahay. Tusaale ahaan, gaadhista β¬1,000,000 25 sano 10% wuxuu u baahan yahay maalgashiga β¬1,168/bil. Fur hagaajinta bu'da si loogu xisaabto kharashka nolosha soo koraya.
Soo celinta la filaayo waxay ku xidantahay qaybinta hantidaada. Sanduuqyada tilmaamaha la-jirka ee caalamiga ah taariikhiga ahaan waxay soo celiyeen 8β12% sannadlaha muddo dheer (10+ sano). Xafiladaha dheellitiran (60% sahanka, 40% damaanad) caadi ahaan waxay soo celiyaan 6β8%. Xafiladaha damaanadda culus waxay soo celiyaan 3β5%. Mar walba ka goosi saamiga kharashyada sanduuqaaga soo celinta guud. Isticmaal 10% xaddiga aasaasiga ah ee qorsheyniinta sahanka fog ee SIP-ka, laakiin aqoonso in soo celinta hore aanay dammaanad-qaadnayn natiijooyinka mustaqbalka.
Inta badan sanduuqyada maalgashiga ayaa oggolaanaya inaad joojiso, yareyso, ama joojiso qolofaadka SIP-ka ciqaab la'aanteed, inkastoo xeerarka ay kala duwaan yihiin bixiyaha. Lumasho qolofaadyada kama xidna xisaabta β aasaaskaagu joogto ahaan wuu sii koraan. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, xitaa dhowr bilood oo la maqlay si weyn ayey u yarayneysaa isku geynta mudada dheer. Haddii lacagta cashkudhaca tahay, fiiri yaraynta xadiga SIP-ka si ku meel gaar ah halkii joojin dhami. Xisaabiyahan wuxuu u qaadaa tabarucyada bishiiba ee joogta ah.
β¬115,019
Qiimaha La Filaayo
β¬60,000
Xadiga La Maalgashiyey
β¬55,019
Tabaruca La Heshaday
6.7%
Soo Celinta Maalgashiga